Bone Marrow Prolotherapy References

GENERAL ARTICLES ON CARTILAGE REGENERATION:

• McNickle AG, Provencher MT, Cole BJ. Overview of existing cartilage repair technology. Sports Medicine Arthroscopy. 2008; 16:196-201.
• Shapiro F, Koide S, Glimcher MJ. Cell origin and differentiation in the repair of full-thickness defects of articular cartilage. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery America. 1993;75:532-553.
• Delise AM, Fischer L, Tuan RS. Cellular interactions and signaling in cartilage development. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2000; 8:309-334.
• Redman SN, Oldfield SF, Archer CW. Current strategies for articular cartilage repair. European Cells & Materials Journal. 2005;9:23-32.
• Blevins FT, Steadman JR, Rodrigo JJ. Treatment of articular cartilage defects in athletes: an analysis of functional outcome and lesion appearance. Orthopaedics. 1998; 21:761-767.
• Gabbi Alberto, Lindon B. Biological approaches for cartilage repair. Journal of Knee Surgery. 2009;22:36-44.
• Salter RB. The physiologic basis for continuous passive motion for articular cartilage healing and regeneration. Hand Clinics.1994;10:211-219.
• Saris DB, Vanlauwe J. Victor J. Charterized chondrocyte implantation results is better structural reapir when treating symptomatic cartilage defects of the knee in a randomized clinical trial versus microfracture. American Journal of Sports Medicine. 2008;36:235-246.
• Hunziker EB. Articular cartilage repair: basic science and clinical progress. A review of the current status and prospects. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2001;10:432-463.
• Vijayan S, Bentley G, Briggs T. Cartilage repair: a review of the Stanmore experience in the treatment of osteochondral defects in the knee with various surgical techniques. Indian Journal of Orthopedics. 2010;44:238-245.
• Richter W. Cell-based cartilage reapir: illusion or solution for osteoarthritis. Current Opinion in Rheumatology. 2007;19:451-456.

MESENCHYMAL STEM CELL BIOLOGY AND CARTILAGE REGENERATION:

• Richter W. Mesenchymal stem cells and cartilage in situ regeneration. Journal of Internal Medicine. 2009;266:390-405.
• Richter W. Cell-based cartilage repair: illusion or solution for osteoarthritis. Current Opinions in Rheumatology. 2007; 19:451-456.
• Bruder SP, Fin DJ, Caplan AI. Mesenchymal stem cells in bone development, bone repair, and skeletal regeneration therapy. Journal of Cell Biochemistry. 1994; 56:283-294.
• Yoo JU, Barthel TS, Nishimura K. The chondrogenic potential of human bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal progenitor cells. Journal of Bone and Joint America. 1998; 80:1745-1757.
• Redman SN. Oldfield SF, Archer CW. Current strategies for articular cartilage repair. European Cells and Materials Journal. 2004;9:23-32.
• Sekiya I, Vuoristo JT, Larson BL. In vitro cartilage formation by human adult stem cells from bone marrow stroma defines the sequence of cellular and molecular events during chondrogenesis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences U.S.A. 2002; 99:4397-4402.
• Barry F, Boynton RE, Liu B. Chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow: differentiation-dependent gene expression of matrix components. Experimental Cell Research. 2001; 268:189-200.
• Mueller MB, Tuan RS. Functional characterization of hypertrophy in chondrogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells. Arthritis Rheumatism. 2008; 58:1377-1388.
• Hui JH, Azura M, Lee EH. Review article: stem cell therapy in orthopaedic surgery: current status and ethical considerations. Malaysian Orthopaedic Journal 2009; 3: 4-12.
• Lee KB, Hui JH, Song IC. Injectable mesenchymal stem cell therapy for large cartilage defects-a porcine model. Stem Cells. 2007; 25:2964-2971.
• Wakitani S, Nawata M, Tensho K. Repair of articular cartilage defects in the patella-femoral joint with autologous bone marrow mesenchymal cell transplantation: three case reports involving nine defects in five knees. Journal of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine. 2007; 1:74-79.
• Chang F, Ishii T, Yanai T. Repair of large full-thickness articular cartilage defects by transplantation of autologous uncultured bone -marrow-derived mononuclear cells. Journal of Orthopaedic Research. 2008; 26:18-26.
• Pountos I, Giannoudis PV. Biology of mesenchymal stem cells. Injury. 2005; 36Suppl3:S8-S12.
• Quarto R, Mastrogiacomo M, Cancedda R. Repair of large bone defects with the use of autologous bone marrow stromal cells. New England Journal of Medicine. 2001; 344:385-386.
• Kasten P, Beyen I, Egermann M. Instant stem cell therapy: characterization and concentration of human mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. European Cells and Materials. 2008;16:47-55.
• Lee EH, Hui JH. The potential of stem cells in orthopaedic surgery. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. 2006; 88:841-851.
• Centeno CJ, Busse D, Kisiday J. Increased knee cartilage volume in degenerative joint disease using percutaneously implanted, autlogous mesenchymal stem cells. Pain Physician. 2008;11:343-353.
• Johnstone B, Hering TM, Caplan AI. In vitro chondrogenesis of bone-marrow derived mesenchymal progenitor cells. Experimental Cell Research. 1998; 238:265-272.
• Caplan AL. Mesenchymal stem cells. Journal of Orthopaedic Research. 1991; 9:641-650.
• Johnstone B, Yoo JU. Autologous mesenchymal progenitor cells in articular cartilage repair. Clinical Orthopaedic and Related Research. 1999; 367:S156-S162.
• Luyten FP. Mesenchymal stem cells in osteoarthritis. Current Opinions in Rheumatology. 2004; 16:599-603.
• Magne D, Vinatier C, Julien M. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy to rebuild cartilage. Trends in Molecular Medicine. 2005; 11:519-526.
• Murphy JM, Fink DJ, Huziker EB. Stem cell therapy in a caprine model of osteoarthritis. Arthritis and Rheumatism. 2003;48:3464-3474.
• Noel D, Djouad F. Jorgense C. Regenerative medicine through mesenchymal stem cells for bone and cartilage repair. Current Opinions and Investigational Drugs. 2002;3:1000-1004.
• Bruder SP, Fink, Caplan AI. Mesenchymal stem cells in bone development, bone repair, and skeletal regeneration therapy. Journal of Cell Biochemistry. 1994;56:283-294.
• Prockop DJ, Azizi SA, Colter D. Potential use of stem cells from bone marrow to repair the extracellular matrix and the central nervous system. Biochemical Society Transactions. 2000;28:341-345.
• Wakitani S, Imoto K, Yamamoto T. Human autologous culture expanded bone marrow mesenchymal cell transplantation for repair of cartilage defects in osteoarthritic knees. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2002;10:199-206.
• Bruder SP, Jaiswal N, Ricalton NS. Mesenchymal stem cells in osteobiology and applied bone regeneration. Clinical Orthopaedics. 1998;355:S247-S256.
• Sekiya I, Vuoristo JT, Larson BL. In vitro cartilage formation by human adult stem cells from bone marrow stroma defines the sequence of cellular and molecular events during chondrogenesis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA. 2002;99:4397-4402.
• Jackson L, Jones DR, Sottile V. Adult mesenchymal stem cells: diffe4rentiation potential and therapeutic applications. Journal of Postgraduate Medicine. 2007;53:121-127.
• Fortier LA, Potter HG, Rickey EJ. Concentrated bone marrow aspirate improves full-thickness cartilage repair compared with microfacture in the equine model. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery America. 2010;18:1927-1937.
• Ma T. Mesenchymal stem cells: from bench to bedside. World Journal of Stem Cells. 2010;2:13-17.
• Ashton BA, Allen TD, Howlett CR. Formation of bone and cartilage by marrow stromal cells in diffusion chambers in vivo. Clinical Orthopedics and Related Research. 1980;294-307.
• Caplan AI. Review: mesenchymal stem cells: cell-based reconstructive therapy in orthopedics. Tissue Engineering. 2005;11:1198-1211.
• Gerson SL. Mesenchymal stem cells: no longer second class marrow citizens. Nature Medicine. 1999;5:262-264.
• Barry FP, Murphy JM. Mesenchymal stem cells: clinical applications and biological characterization. The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology. 2004;36:568-584.